Motivated by recent efforts by the criminal justice system to treat and rehabilitate nonviolent offenders rather than focusing solely on their punishment, we introduce an evolutionary game theoretic model to study the effects of "carrot and stick" intervention programs on criminal recidivism.We use stochastic simulations to study the evolution of a
We often hear that simplicity, explanatory power and unification, though aesthetically pleasing or beautiful qualities, are at best pragmatic considerations in matters of choosing between rival hypotheses.This paper aims to offer a novel conception and an associated measure of unification, both of which are demonstrably more than just pragmatic con
Nanoparticles (NP) with optical properties embedded silica particles have been widely used in various fields because of their unique properties.The surfaces of optical NPs have been modified with various organic ligands to maintain their unique optical properties and colloidal stability.Among the surface modification methods, silica encapsulation o
Introduction Physicians can be unaware that many US adults have intermediate or lower health literacy.Avoiding medical Steak Weights jargon in patient communication can improve poor outcomes associated with lower health literacy, but physicians may struggle to do so as health literacy education is neither standardized nor universal at US allopathic